The 2-Minute Rule for KGW Crystal
The 2-Minute Rule for KGW Crystal
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Figure 8 Intra-cavity pulse amplification process monitored by an oscilloscope. The pulse underwent an unsaturated amplification as a result of mirror injury limitation.
In conclusion, we shown that undoped scintillator crystals: BGO, GGG, YSO, LSO and LYSO are efficient nonlinear resources for broadband SC technology inside the in close proximity to-infrared and short-wave infrared spectral ranges, when pumped by one hundred eighty fs basic harmonic pulses from an amplified Yb:KGW laser. YSO, LSO and LYSO generated two octave-spanning SC spectra, which Look at to SC spectra generated in YAG. These elements exhibit very similar performances to YAG also in terms of threshold and optimum pump pulse energies for SC era. Having said that, for what considerations the likelihood to work at superior laser pulse repetition amount, YSO, LSO and LYSO display long lasting operation only at 10 kHz and promptly degrade (within a couple of minutes) at 20 kHz. In addition to the somewhat minimal SC generation threshold (169 nJ), GGG shown exceptional effectiveness properties during the short-wave infrared While using the optimal pump pulse Strength of 464 nJ, and that is two periods lessen than in YAG: the biggest pink-shifted spectral broadening and the very best spectral energy density, outperforming KGW and YAG crystals in that element.
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Amplified pulses having an Strength earlier mentioned 2.five mJ could be anticipated by applying the next pump ability to your regenerative amplifier and which makes it perform on the saturation level. The laser fluence of ~1 J/cm2 around the dichroic mirrors is thought to be underneath the harm threshold of higher-high quality dielectric-coated mirrors.
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In its elemental sort, gadolinium has a silvery-white look. Gadolinium is really a rare earth or lanthanide factor that possesses special Qualities useful to specialized apps which include semiconductor fabrication and nuclear reactor shielding. It truly is utilized for both its significant magnetic minute (7.ninety fourμ B) and in phosphors and scintillator crystals. When complexed with EDTA ligands, it really is utilized being an injectable distinction agent for MRIs. The factor is named once the Finnish chemist and geologist Johan Gadolin.
Inquire RP Photonics for just about any advice about tungstate lasers, including femtosecond lasers and high-energy lasers.
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Because its discovery in 19701,two, the condition on the art of supercontinuum (SC) generation in bulk reliable-state supplies has KGW Crystal reached a large standard of maturity due to great development of ultrafast laser resources and essential idea of the underlying Bodily processes3,four. The complexity of Actual physical effects underlying SC generation is unveiled in the framework of femtosecond filamentation, that's a universal phenomenon arising from nonlinear propagation of femtosecond laser pulses in transparent materials5. In additional realistic terms, the attainable spectral extent of SC radiation depends on the material properties, which include linear and nonlinear indexes of refraction and Electricity bandgap, which along with the laser wavelength determine the critical electricity for self-focusing (that has to be exceeded for a lightweight filament to variety) and clamping depth of a light filament (which is proportional on the get of multiphoton absorption), respectively.
Figure 4 Beam radius variation on The 2 crystals when shifting the focal size in the thermal lensing outcome.
Both of those energies are marked via the dashed lines and their values are labeled during the plots. The similar options ended up also noticed in KGW and YAG crystals, whose spectral broadening dynamics are proven to get a comparison in Fig. four.